Instrumentation – Drums play syncopated (complex) rhythms, double or electric bass plays complex riffs, electric rhythm guitar will play complex chord tensions. Piano playing complex syncopated rhythms. Electric Lead guitar with deep tone & reverb.
Rhythms – Complex advanced rhythms in a variety of timing. Jazz rhythm guitarists often play a crotchet-based rhythm using a down stroke on every beat in each bar, such as, 1, 2, 3, 4.
Scales – Melodic (or Jazz) Minor, Harmonic Minor (often used with the dominant 7th chord), Diminished, Whole Tone, Ionian, Dorian, Aeolian, Lydian, Locrian, Minor Pentatonic, Major Pentatonic, Blues Scale.
Chords – Complex altered chords, using tensions such as 7, 9, 11, #11, & 13, M7, M9, M#11, M13, m6, m7, mM7, m9, m11, m13.
Technique – Rhythm guitar play complex altered chords all over the guitar neck. Lead guitar rich deep tone.
Effects – reverb.
Sound & Tone – reduce the mid & treble settings to create a rich deep tone, use the neck pickup.
Amplification – Rich tones using deep clean sound and reverb.
Creating The Jazz Sound Using C Aeolian Mode
Firstly let’s use the common jazz chord progression, the minor 2, 5, 1, pattern, using the C aeolian mode.
You can improvise over these chords using the C aeolian mode or the C minor pentatonic scale.
Creating The Jazz Sound Using C Harmonic Minor Scale
Let’s use the minor 2, 5, 1, pattern again but this time, bring in the C harmonic minor scale on the 5th chord only. This will give us the G7 instead of the Gm7. Lead guitarists can now use the B note in their solos' whilst the G7 chord is being played, offering an exotic feel to the music, best heard when you play Ab & B.
This is how we should view music. You should not just look at the Key Signature but rather the chords used in a song. It often adds that extra when one chord from a different scale is used. We are now going to see this through the following exercise.
Play down strokes on the guitar on the beats shown below.
Dm7b5, G7, Cm7, Cm7
1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4,
Notes & scales used...
Dm7b5, G7, Cm7, Cm7
D, F, Ab, C G, B, D, F C, Eb, G, Bb C, Eb, G, Bb
Solo with |Solo with |Solo with |Solo with
C Pentatonic |C Harmonic Minor|C Pentatonic |C Pentatonic
C Aeolian |(Use the B note)|C Aeolian |C Aeolian
Therefore lead guitarists' or vocalists’ could play notes from a variety of scales during a song. The major 7th or B note found in the harmonic minor scale works really well in Jazz when played over the dominant 7th chord,(the G7).
Let's recap, the chord progression:
Dm7b5, G7, Cm7, could use the following scales for vocals or an instrumental.
For playing a solo over Dm7b5 & Cm7 chords use:
C minor pentatonic scale, C, Eb, F, G, Bb, C,
Or
C aeolian mode, C, D, Eb, F, G, Ab, Bb, C,
For playing a solo over the G7 chord use:
C Harmonic Minor Scale, C, D, Eb, F, G, Ab, B, C
Place the emphasis on the B note.
Creating The Jazz Sound Using Ab Ionian Mode
Let's use the Ab ionian mode for this major 2, 5, 1, chord progression.
The notes used to form the Ab ionian mode or Ab major scale are:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ab Bb C Db Eb F G
The chords used in the Ab ionian mode are:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Ab Bbm Cm Db Eb Fm Gdim
AbM7 Bbm7 Cm7 DbM7 Eb7 Fm7 Gm7b5
So the 2, 5, 1, chord progression in the Ab major scale or Ab ionian mode is:
Bbm7, Eb7, AbM7
Jazz Study – Major 2, 5, 1, in the Ab ionian mode.
Written & Taught by Paul Gronow of Music Maker Guitar Lessons, Barry, South Wales, UK
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